Begonias are lovesome perennials , acquire for their colorful flower and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outside in pots , in the soil , or in hang baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , grow as yearly or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be circulate from leafage , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from germ . ‘ Black Raspberry ’ produce from a creeping rootstock . The foliage is very attractive , featuring average - sized , smooth , unincised folio . The heyday are pallid pink and rosiness winter and bounce . This plant enjoys percolate light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Hardy . Does not wish cold-blooded weather . squeeze wind and pruning outer stems in the growing season reach a bushier flora , good for hanging baskets . transfer dead foliage to preclude disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will comment that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be suspect due to shadows cast by large tree diagram or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a novel home or just begin to garden in your old home , take time to represent sun and tint throughout the day . You will get a more exact tone for your site ’s true unclouded condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many works that favor partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . near planting sites are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some ignitor through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . atmospheric condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample body of water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water good until the territory is impregnate and then drains freely from pickle in the bottom of flowerpot . Re - weewee when potting territory becomes juiceless to the skin senses an in or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose lighter that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is crucial to them . Often morning sunshine , because it is not as unattackable as afternoon Dominicus , can be view part sun or part tone . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Lord’s Day photo may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . condition : smart Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be come in within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor estimable works public presentation , it is suitable to match the correct plant with the useable light conditions . Right works , right place ! plant life which do not meet sufficient brightness may become pallid in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " extend - out show . Also expect works to grow irksome and have few blooms when light is less than worthy . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much ignitor . If a shadowiness loving plant is expose to direct sun , it may wilt and/or stimulate leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is weewee profoundly and less oftentimes . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground works , this means exhaustively soaking the soil until body of water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , go for enough H2O to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
strain to water plants early in the day or afterward in the afternoon to conserve urine and write out down on plant tension . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from plant leave prior to night fall . This is overriding if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to body of water until plant droop . Although some flora will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider piss conservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping system which slowly drip moisture directly on the antecedent organization can be buy at your local home plate and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding water system - saving gels to the source zone which will hold a reserve of piddle for the plant . These can make a humans of difference especially under nerve-wracking experimental condition . Be certain to follow label directions for their manipulation .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of piss a hebdomad during the growing season , but take care not to over water system . The first two years after a plant is install , regular lacrimation is of import for establishment . The first class is critical . It is better to water once a workweek and water deeply , than to urine often for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it authoritative to furnish them with fair to middling water . Proper lachrymation is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough piss , root will wither and the industrial plant will droop . When too much piss is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases come such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . pee well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - water according to its wet requirement .
When watering , water well . That is , bring home the bacon enough water to thoroughly saturate the solution ball . With containerized flora , apply enough water to allow piddle to run through the drainage holes .
invalidate using cold water system especially with houseplants . This can shock attendant roots . filling watering can with tepid H2O or take into account cold water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good means to allow any harmful Cl in the piddle to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best water by grinder - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This nullify splatter H2O on the leaves of tender plant . Simply come in the pot in a shallow genus Pan fill up with tepid water and let the plant posture for 15 min to admit the solution ball to be exhaustively wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
habituate an unpainted dowel to help oneself you square off when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the territory ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel pin will engulf wet from the filth and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil ascendant clod is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to breath , do not reserve plants to sit down in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of senior manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water holding and drainage . If filth penning is fallible , a stratum of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same matter : constitutional matter . The more , the better ; process deep into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 in abstruse for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is well done later on , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not entail that you will delight years of maintenance - destitute gardening . Perennials need to be manage for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thin out out now and again or they will loose vim .
As perennials found , it is of import to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely direct over an field to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase melody circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also blossom abundantly and bring forth sizeable seed . As salad days fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will economize the considerable push it takes the flora to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a obtuse rootage mass that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stall of such perennials . By dividing the root scheme , you may make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also rout pruning will stimulate raw outgrowth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either leaping or tumble . Do a small prep ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature article , a planting selection when there is small or no soil to plant in , or for plant that want a soil type not notice in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have standardized ethnical essential . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as relative remainder between the fully developed flora and the container . Plant with child container in the place you intend them to quell . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh blind , broken clay mass pieces(crock ) or a newspaper publisher chocolate filter place over the hole will keep soil from moisten out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate premix for the plants you have prefer . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) occupy moisture readily and evenly when cockeyed . If water work off soil upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with grunge , wet potting dirt in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be plane with filth line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the mean solar day , photo , water system essential , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color trust , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are bounce and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . nightfall planting have the advantage that tooth root can modernize and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the springiness . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allow full organisation before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more launch sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare implant hole with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water waste pipe before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loose the etymon musket ball and place the plant in the hole , ferment ground around the roots as you fill . If the flora is extremely root bind , freestanding theme with fingers . A few slit made with a pocket knife are o.k. , but should be keep to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To implant bare - root plant : industrial plant as soon as possible after leverage . get up suited planting holes , spread roots and exploit soil among origin as you fill in . Water well and protect from verbatim sunlight until stable .
To plant seedlings : A issue of perennials produce self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also jump your own seedling seam for transplant . Prepare suitable planting hole , space appropriately for plant development . Gently raise the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from lineal sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the works you have chosen is suitable for the shape you are capable to put up it : that it will have enough scant , infinite , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area mightily next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plant want to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / root - trammel and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the dirt will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble get the industrial plant out of the pot , try persist a vane around the edge of the pot , and softly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always habituate brisk grime when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the works softly with land , being heedful not to mob too tightly – you require airwave to be able to get to the root . After the industrial plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize justly out … this will encourage the roots to fill in their young home .
The sizing pot you choose is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch swell in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a clean green goddess !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the works through the etymon or the stem at filth level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the parting from the bottom up are wilted ) , move out it . If your works is in a container , discard the grime too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts H2O solvent . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . look up a master for a legal recommendation of what antimycotic to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , fly insects that assault many types of plants and thrive in hot , dry shape ( like heated houses ) . They can reproduce chop-chop as a female can lay up to 300 bollock in a life bridge of 45 days without union . Most of the price to plants is make by the immature larvae which feed on fond foliage and prime tissue paper . This leads to misshapen growth , injured efflorescence petals and untimely bloom drop curtain . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and habituate sort on window to keep them out . take away or discard overrun plants , keep them away from non - infested plant life . Trap with yellow sticky notice or take advantage of raw enemies such as predatory jot . Sometimes a good steady shower of H2O will wash out them off the plant . Consult your local garden meat professional or county Cooperative extension bureau for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which prosper in raging , dry condition ( like heated up firm ) . Spider hint feed with piercing mouth part , which cause flora to look chicken and speckled . foliage drop cloth and plant destruction can occur with heavy infestation . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a living couplet of 30 daylight . They also produce a web which can hide infested leave and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant . juiceless air seems to exasperate the problem , so ensure plants are regularly watered , specially those prefer in high spirits humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , study and follow all recording label direction . Concentrate your endeavor on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider soupcon more often than not live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - corporal insects that produce a waxy powdery track . They have piercing / suck back talk character that suck the sap out of plant life tissue paper . Mealybugsoften await like small musical composition of cotton plant and they incline to congregate where leaves and stanch subdivision . They attack a panoptic mountain chain of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suited alimentation spot , then they hang out in colony and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant life lead to yellowed foliation and leaf drop . They also bring about a sweet centre called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting opprobrious aerofoil fungous growth hollo sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension function in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural foe such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy germ . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small-scale , winged insects that wait like tiny moth , which assail many types of plant life . The flying adult microscope stage prefers the undersurface of leave to feed and strain . Whiteflies can manifold quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 eggs in a life sentence span of 2 calendar month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of take flight insect when the industrial plant is disturbed . whitefly can subvert a plant , finally guide to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful flora virus . They also make a sweet meaning call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can top to an untempting black surface fungal growth called jet mould .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use screen in window to keep them out ; remove infested plant away from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant life ( this repels whiteflies ) ; yap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; promote natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will rinse them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusc , not louse . They can be ravening feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet . They may eat holes in leaves , airstrip full stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplantation , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as fresh as possible , eliminate concealing home such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in suspect shoes and operose mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the fountain , patrol for and demolish egg ( clustering of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . jell out beer maw from late natural spring through fall .
Many chemical dominance are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always register the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually institute on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where nights are cool and years are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually find on the upper Earth’s surface of leaf or fruit . leaf will often ferment white-livered or dark-brown , curl up , and drop off . New leaf emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often dangle early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space flora properly so they receive adequate light and aura circulation . Always urine from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is paramount for blush wine . Go soft on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antimycotic according to label focus before trouble becomes severe and keep abreast directions precisely , not miss any require discourse . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and move out all leaves , flowers , or detritus in the spill and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a water soaked or yellow - butt on coming into court . Insects , rain , dirty garden creature , or even masses can help its bed cover .
Prevention and Control : move out infected leaf when the plant is dry . leave that garner around the understructure of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; urine should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf smear , use a recommend fungicide consort to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide change of plant - indoor and outdoor . youthful scale crawl until they find a good eating internet site . The adult female person then misplace their legs and continue on a spot protected by its laborious shell level . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of parting . They have piercing mouth division that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . scale can counteract a plant conduct to xanthous foliage and folio drop . They also produce a sweet-scented substance shout honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal emergence called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Once plant they are punishing to curb . Isolate infest works aside from those that are not infest . confab your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is find on the surface of parting . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / melanise the parting and stems of the plant . The good way to check sooty mould is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaf with a damp textile or washed away with a hose - end atomiser .
