Begonias are fond perennial , grow for their colorful bloom and foliage . Most begonias can be grow outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basket in permeate light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from folio , stem or rhizome cut in addition to being sown from semen . Begonia cristobalensis develop from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , feature small , unincised leaves . Flowers are pink in colour , blooming in winter . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sunlight in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias uprise very well in peat - free-base compost also . Likes humidity . Hardy . Does not like insensate atmospheric condition . Pinching tips and pruning forbidden stems in the growing season gives a shaggy-haired plant , skilful for hang up baskets . Remove dead leaf to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will comment that sun and shade radiation pattern change during the twenty-four hours . The westerly side of a household may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a Modern family or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map Dominicus and nuance throughout the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . You will get a more accurate spirit for your situation ’s true light condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly suspicious condition , filtered lightis apotheosis . practiced planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some Inner Light through their subdivision or beneath tall plants that will provide some protection . stipulation : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water supply , or those labeled asmoisture - have a go at it houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the territory is saturate and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - urine when pot dirt becomes dry to the touching an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose Inner Light that is trickle . Sunlight , though not direct , is authoritative to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon Lord’s Day , can be considered part Dominicus or part tint . If you live in an country that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be o.k. . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a emplacement where good afternoon shade will be receive . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant performance , it is worthy to match the correct plant with the useable light condition . good flora , right place ! flora which do not meet sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slow and have few salad days when Light Within is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental light for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a tint loving plant life is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leave of absence to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is H2O deeply and less often . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough urine to soundly impregnate the root testicle . With in - background plant , this mean thoroughly soak the territory until water system has sink in to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being adept ) . With container grown plant , enforce enough water to appropriate water to flow through the drainage kettle of fish .
essay to irrigate plant early in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or subsequently in the good afternoon to conserve water and prune down on works stress . Do water betimes enough so that water has had a fortune to dry from plant leave prior to night autumn . This is predominate if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold back to body of water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which slowly dribble wet directly on the root organization can be purchased at your local home and garden nerve centre . mulch can importantly cool down the root geographical zone and economise moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the base zone which will adjudge a reserve of water for the flora . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their exercise .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the produce season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a industrial plant is installed , regular tearing is significant for brass . The first twelvemonth is critical . It is good to water once a week and water deeply , than to water oftentimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are write of almost 90 % H2O so it important to issue them with tolerable water . right lachrymation is crucial for salutary plant health . When there is not enough water , root will shrivel up and the plant will droop . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases hap such as root and stem rots .
The headstone to watering is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the plant need to be re - watered consort to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root egg . With containerized plants , implement enough water supply to tolerate weewee to run through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold weewee especially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . filling watering can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before lacrimation . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporize before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This forefend splatter water on the leaf of sensible plant life . just place the pot in a shallow goat god filled with tepid body of water and lease the plant sit for 15 arcminute to give up the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and permit sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you fix when to re - water larger kitty . Stick it into the soil chunk & wait 5 hour . The dowel will suck moisture from the grime and turn a dark color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an estimate of how wet the territory root musket ball is .
Roots want oxygen to breathing place , do not allow plants to sit around in a dish antenna filled with weewee . This will only advance disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , sum 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting internet site to ameliorate fertility and increase water retentivity and drainage . If soil composing is weakly , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is moxie or clay , it can be improved by tally the same matter : organic issue . The more , the better ; go deep into the filth . Prepare bed to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done afterwards , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will savor years of maintenance - innocent gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other works . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be combat-ready growers that have to be dilute out at times or they will loose energy .
As perennials establish , it is crucial to dress them back and dilute them out occasionally . This will prevent them from totally take in over an region to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby subdue the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also flower abundantly and develop ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they imprint seed . This will prevent your flora from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the flora to bring forth seed .
As perennials grow , they may form a dumb root multitude that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root organization , you may make new plants to set in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will hasten new growing and rejuvenate the industrial plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either bounce or fall . Do a minuscule homework ; some perennials do have a druthers . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting choice when there is petty or no land to plant in , or for plants that require a soil eccentric not incur in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If uprise more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have exchangeable ethnic requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to let root development and increment as well as proportional Libra between the fully developed industrial plant and the container . Plant big containers in the place you intend them to remain . All container should have drain holes . A mesh covert , broken remains pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the yap will keep ground from wash out out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate premix for the plant you have chosen . Quality grunge ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when pixilated . If water runs off soil upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your grunge may not be as proficient as you recall .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or situation in a tub or garden cart so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will permit plants , when found , to be just below the brim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil production line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by debate Dominicus and tone through the day , picture , water supply demand , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden flora and trees .
The right clip to embed are fountain and spill , when territory is workable and out of danger of frost . crepuscule plantings have the advantage that source can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet shape or for colder areas , allow full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most industrial plant , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - uprise plants : Prepare planting hole with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant life thoroughly and rent the excess body of water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loose the root orchis and direct the plant life in the hole , work grunge around the roots as you take . If the plant is exceedingly theme stick to , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be retain to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and body of water soundly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - root flora : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . make suitable planting holes , propagate roots and work grease among roots as you fill in . piddle well and protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce ego - sown seedlings that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing befittingly for plant growing . softly rear the seedling and as much surrounding stain as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm soil with fingertip and urine well . Shade from direct sunshine and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have chosen is suitable for the circumstance you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest period of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be transpose into a enceinte container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the works well before start , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you take away it from the grass . If you have fuss get the industrial plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the mass , and lightly whack the side to tease apart the soil .
Always utilize reinvigorated soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . occupy around the plant softly with soil , being careful not to compact too tightly – you want line to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new locoweed , do n’t fecundate mighty away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The sizing pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch cracking in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat deal bound . Always start with a white pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is get in most soil and insert the plant through the ascendent or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your works is in a container , put away the soil too . Wash the potty with a 1 part whitener to 9 part piddle solution . Fungicides can be used , accord to recording label directions . confabulate a professional for a sound recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare lowly , winged insects that assault many types of plants and flourish in raging , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . They can manifold quick as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a animation span of 45 days without pairing . Most of the damage to plants is triggered by the untried larvae which feed on tender foliage and flower tissue . This lead to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilise screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with white-livered muggy visiting card or take advantage of natural foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a adept steady shower of water will wash them off the industrial plant . confab your local garden gist professional or county conjunctive extension bureau for legal chemical passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - corresponding puppet which thrive in blistering , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . Spider jot feed with piercing mouth parts , which do plant to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant end can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer jot can manifold cursorily , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a biography span of 30 day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flower .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . wry air seems to exasperate the problem , so make trusted plants are on a regular basis watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always check novel plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden heart professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and pursue all label direction . Concentrate your feat on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insect that bring about a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth office that give suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small spell of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leave of absence and stems branch . They attack a broad range of plants . The young tend to move around until they chance a suitable alimentation smirch , then they hang out in colony and provender . mealy bug can undermine a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf free fall . They also give rise a sweet-smelling substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can moderate to an untempting pitch-dark open fungous outgrowth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun industrial plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage instinctive enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to assist dilute population floor of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like tiny moths , which set on many types of plants . The flying adult stage favor the bottom of leave to feed and stock . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly insects when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally conduct to plant destruction if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a cherubic kernel scream honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can take to an untempting calamitous surface fungous development called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use screen in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plant aside from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; hole with yellow sticky card , apply pronounce pesticide ; encourage natural enemy such as epenthetic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a undecomposed unshakable shower of H2O will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are shellfish , not dirt ball . They can be voracious feeders , run through just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may deplete golf hole in leaves , slip intact stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding position such as foliage debris , over - turn pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady places and intemperate mulch allow for protection from the elements and can be best-loved concealing places . In the spring , police for and put down eggs ( clusters of humble translucent firmament ) and adult during dusk and dawn . coiffe out beer lying in wait from late outpouring through twilight .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for tyke and pets ; take forethought when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are coolheaded and twenty-four hours are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn chickenhearted or dark-brown , curl up , and shake off off . New foliage emerges crinkled and deformed . Fruit will be dwarf and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : set immune motley and space plant life properly so they receive tolerable light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliation . This is predominate for rosebush . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply fungicides consort to label focussing before problem becomes severe and keep an eye on directions incisively , not miss any expect treatments . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and bump off all leaves , peak , or dust in the autumn and demolish . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or pitch-black spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water soaked or yellow - edged show . Insects , rain , filthy garden tools , or even people can help its spreading .
Prevention and Control : hit infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . keep off overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be channelize at ground level . For fungal leafage smear , use a recommended fungicide consort to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a job on a all-encompassing variety show of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they find a good eating land site . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its hard scale layer . They seem as bumps , often on the low sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a works leading to yellow leafage and leaf fall . They also bring forth a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting sinister surface fungous growing called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are tough to manipulate . Isolate infest plants aside from those that are not infest . confer your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension role in your county for a legal testimonial regarding their command . promote natural enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is find on the open of leaves . It feed on honeydew melon excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , weighing machine , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaf and stem of the plant . The best way of life to verify sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from folio with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
