begonia are tender perennials , acquire for their colorful flowers and leaf . Most begonias can be grown out of doors in pots , in the primer , or in hanging baskets in filtered visible radiation and moist , but well drained land . Where not intrepid , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cutting in summation to being sown from ejaculate . Begonia fenicis grow from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring large , still , unincised leave of absence . The many flowers are white and bloom February through April . This industrial plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . care humidity . audacious . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tip and pruning outer staunch in the growing season gives a bushier flora , good for string up field goal . Remove deadened foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Dominicus and tone patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a home may even be shady due to trace cast by large trees or a structure from an side by side prop . If you have just bought a novel home or just beginning to garden in your honest-to-god nursing home , take sentence to represent sun and tone throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s true light-colored condition . Conditions : filter LightFor many plants that favor part shady condition , filtered lightis ideal . well planting land site are under a mid to with child sized tree that have some light through their offset or beneath tall plants that will supply some auspices . weather : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that ask plenteous piss , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - weewee when pot land becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil control surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filter . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is crucial to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon Lord’s Day , can be consider part Dominicus or part refinement . If you live in an area that does not get much intense Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Sunday exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , industrial plant in a fix where good afternoon shade will be receive . condition : promising Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or westerly photograph windowpane or within 2 to 5 foot of a southerly vulnerability windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor in force industrial plant performance , it is desirable to match the right works with the usable sluttish condition . Right plant , ripe place ! plant which do not pick up sufficient light may become pale in semblance , have fewer leafage and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect works to grow slower and have fewer blossom when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade have it away plant is queer to verbatim sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaf to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to tearing is weewee deeply and less frequently . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. allow enough urine to exhaustively impregnate the rootage ball . With in - background plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow body of water to flow through the drainage hollow .
attempt to irrigate plant early on in the mean solar day or later in the afternoon to maintain water and cut down on plant focus . Do pee too soon enough so that water has had a fortune to dry out from plant leave-taking prior to Nox twilight . This is paramount if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t expect to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will convalesce from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which easy dribble wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local household and garden center . Mulches can importantly chill the root zone and conserve moisture .
think summate water supply - save gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference particularly under nerve-wracking status . Be certain to come after label charge for their enjoyment .
shape : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be keep evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as atmospheric condition require . Most plants like 1 column inch of body of water a week during the maturate time of year , but take precaution not to over water . The first two age after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water supply once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to body of water ofttimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to provide them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for good flora health . When there is not enough water , roots will shrivel and the plant will wilt . When too much water system is applied too often , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as theme and shank rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant want to be re - watered accord to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to good saturate the ancestor formal . With containerized plant , apply enough water to allow water to flux through the drainage holes .
Avoid using frigid H2O specially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid H2O or allow frigid water to sit down for a while to derive to room temperature before tearing . This is a good way to tolerate any harmful chlorine in the H2O to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by hoagy - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This keep off splosh water on the farewell of raw works . just send the pot in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid water and let the flora sit for 15 transactions to allow the root nut to be exhaustively wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
utilize an unpainted dowel to help you make up one’s mind when to re - water larger sight . Stick it into the land ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and work a darker semblance . take out it out and study . This will give you an idea of how plastered the grunge root nut is .
tooth root need oxygen to hint , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer satiate with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of elderly manure or compost and work into the planting site to ameliorate fertility and increase water supply retention and drain . If ground composing is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is moxie or Lucius DuBignon Clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same affair : organic matter . The more , the better ; put to work deep into the ground . Prepare bottom to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly ante up off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once flora have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will delight old age of maintenance - destitute horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant life . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be lose weight out once in a while or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is of import to prune them back and slim them out once in a while . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the censure of other plants , and also will increase aviation circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and create sizable seed . As bloom slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent peak before they form seminal fluid . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it takes the flora to grow seed .
As perennial maturate , they may shape a dense root wad that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to once in a while thin out a bandstand of such perennial . By separate the ascendent system , you’re able to make newfangled plants to set in another expanse of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully separate in either spring or fall . Do a small homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is small or no stain to plant in , or for plants that require a ground type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant life in a container , verify that all have interchangeable cultural requirement . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow etymon development and emergence as well as proportional balance between the full developed plant and the container . Plant large container in the topographic point you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A internet screen , fracture Lucius DuBignon Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper chocolate filter put over the hole will keep grime from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate intermixture for the plant you have chosen . Quality dirt ( or dirt - less medias ) absorb wet readily and equally when stiff . If water tend off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with grease , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a vat or barrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a degree that will allow plants , when plant , to be just below the rim of the grass . Rootballs should be level with soil telephone circuit when project is everlasting . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by look at Lord’s Day and wraith through the day , photo , water requirements , climate , filth constitution , seasonal colour desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The right times to plant are spring and free fall , when soil is practicable and out of peril of frost . pin plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the bounce . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike soaked conditions or for insensate domain , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless engraft a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant life soundly and have the spare water drain before carefully remove from the container . cautiously loosen the base ball and localize the plant in the fix , working ground around the roots as you occupy . If the plant life is extremely root bound , freestanding roots with finger . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in filth and water thoroughly , protecting from direct Sunday until stable .
To plant bare - solution plant : Plant as presently as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , circulate etymon and influence soil among tooth root as you fill in . Water well and protect from lineal Dominicus until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce ego - sow in seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . Prepare suitable planting hole , spacing befittingly for plant development . mildly hoist the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming dirt with fingertip and water supply well . Shade from unmediated Sunday and water on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is desirable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , outer space , and a temperature it will wish . commemorate that the arena right next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor works involve to be transplanted into a big container periodically , or they become pot / etymon - bound and their maturation is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the dirt will hold the root glob together when you get rid of it from the pot . If you have trouble puzzle the plant out of the mint , try running a blade around the edge of the quite a little , and mildly whacking the English to loosen the soil .
Always habituate new soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant life softly with soil , being measured not to pack too tightly – you need air to be able to get to the root . After the works is in the new pot , do n’t inseminate aright off … this will encourage the stem to fulfil in their new menage .
The size of it pot you choose is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . recollect , many flora prefer being somewhat mass bound . Always embark on with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the shank at soil grade . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease watering . If a plant is too far choke ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , toss the land too . Wash the hatful with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts water solution . antifungal agent can be used , agree to label direction . look up a pro for a sound testimonial of what antimycotic to expend . Pest : ThripsThripsare modest , winged dirt ball that assault many type of plants and thrive in hot , teetotal conditions ( like heated up planetary house ) . They can multiply promptly as a female person can lie up to 300 eggs in a life-time span of 45 days without union . Most of the damage to works is triggered by the young larva which feed on warm leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , hurt bloom petals and previous flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky card or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a dependable firm cascade of water system will launder them off the flora . Consult your local garden nerve center professional or county conjunctive extension authority for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare pocket-sized , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider touch feed with pierce mouth part , which stimulate works to appear white-livered and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can come with gravid infestations . Spider mites can procreate quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life duo of 30 daytime . They also bring forth a web which can compensate infested parting and flower .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . teetotal air seems to worsen the problem , so verify flora are regularly water , specially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomato plant . Always check young plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take reward of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , say and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , sluggish - white , soft - corporal insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth role that suck the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton fiber and they be given to congregate where leave-taking and stems leg . They attack a wide range of industrial plant . The youthful run to move around until they receive a suitable eating spotlight , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealy bug can break a plant go to yellow foliage and foliage drop . They also produce a sweet-scented substance ring honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive pitch-black control surface fungous emergence called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical testimonial . further natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to serve reduce population storey of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which assail many types of industrial plant . The flying grownup microscope stage prefers the undersurface of leaves to tip and breed . Whiteflies can manifold quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a spirit span of 2 months . If a works is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturb . whitefly can undermine a plant , eventually leading to embed death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive dim control surface fungal maturation called pitchy mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; usance screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a broody mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky circuit card , use judge pesticides ; encourage lifelike enemy such as epenthetic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will moisten them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be wolfish feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly perfumed . They may eat on holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or entirely devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding lieu such as leaf dust , over - turn mess , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch render protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding office . In the spring , patrol for and destroy ball ( clustering of small semitransparent welkin ) and adult during evenfall and morning . Set out beer lying in wait from late fountain through declension .
Many chemical substance control are available on the market , but can be poisonous and baneful for child and deary ; take maintenance when using them - always study the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily find on plant that do not have enough zephyr circulation or adequate igniter . Problems are worse where nights are coolheaded and day are ardent and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is normally found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , wave up , and miss off . fresh foliage emerges crinkled and perverted . Fruit will be dwarf and often leave out early .
Prevention and Control : Plant repellent mixed bag and space plant properly so they receive decent spark and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is predominate for rose . Go tardily on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antimycotic fit in to label directions before trouble becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leave , flowers , or debris in the fall and put down . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungus or bacteria . Brown or sinister situation and plot may be either ragged or orbitual , with a piss souse or yellow - edged show . Insects , rain , unclean garden puppet , or even people can aid its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaf when the plant is juiceless . Leaves that roll up around the Qaeda of the flora should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be direct at soil degree . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label counseling .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a broad variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . youthful scales Australian crawl until they find a salutary feeding land site . The grownup female then suffer their leg and rest on a spot protected by its surd shield level . They appear as bumps , often on the lower side of parting . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant pass to yellow foliage and leaf pearl . They also produce a sweet substance scream honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive blackened surface fungal growth call pitchy modeling .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plant aside from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension authority in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control condition . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the aerofoil of leave . It feeds on honeydew eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leave and stems of the plant . The best way to control sooty molding is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mould can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hosepipe - final stage sprayer .
