begonia are tender perennial , spring up for their colorful flush and leaf . Most begonia can be grown out of doors in pots , in the ground , or in hang baskets in percolate light and moist , but well drain stain . Where not sturdy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be diffuse from leaf , root or rhizome cuttings in addition to being seed from seed . ( Plant width : leaves 6 to 12 inches ) The cultivar , ‘ Langeana , ’ uprise from a creeping rootstock . The leafage is very attractive , featuring large , smooth , unincised leaf . The flowers are pinkish and bloom June through November . This plant enjoys filtered luminance but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias rise very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Hardy . Does not care frigid weather . Pinching crown and pruning outer halt in the maturate season gives a bushier plant , good for hang baskets . Remove stagnant foliage to forestall disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will observe that sun and nicety normal change during the day . The western side of a house may even be suspicious due to shadows cast by large tree or a structure from an next dimension . If you have just grease one’s palms a new home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take sentence to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feeling for your site ’s true light condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that opt partially shady condition , filter out lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to big sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that let some light through their branch or beneath taller plants that will provide some tribute . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the land surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is filter . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often sunrise sunshine , because it is not as unassailable as afternoon Dominicus , can be considered part sun or part specter . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other orbit such as Florida , plant life in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : hopeful Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 animal foot of a southerly picture windowpane . weather : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant performance , it is desirable to match the right plant with the available idle conditions . Right industrial plant , right space ! Plants which do not receive sufficient luminance may become pale in color , have few leaf and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to farm slower and have fewer bloom when light is less than desirable . It is possible to offer supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also receive too much visible radiation . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. allow enough water system to exhaustively saturate the ascendant ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a profoundness of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being well ) . With container grown plants , apply enough H2O to allow water to flow through the drain hole .
essay to water plants too soon in the day or later on in the good afternoon to economize water and cut down on plant focus . Do H2O betimes enough so that water system has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to nighttime autumn . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to urine until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will kick the bucket if they droop too much ( when they reach out to the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider body of water conservation method such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden eye . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - salvage gels to the root zona which will maintain a reservation of water for the industrial plant . These can make a reality of conflict especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label counseling for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of pee a hebdomad during the growing season , but take care not to over weewee . The first two geezerhood after a plant is installed , unconstipated tearing is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is dependable to water once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few hour . experimental condition : Indoor WateringPlant are frame of almost 90 % water so it important to provide them with enough body of water . Proper watering is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the flora will droop . When too much H2O is applied too often , ascendant are deprived of O and diseases occur such as root and stem rots .
The Francis Scott Key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant demand to be re - watered harmonize to its moisture requisite .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , provide enough water supply to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water system to flow through the drainage hole .
annul using stale piddle especially with houseplant . This can shock attendant ancestor . filling watering can with tepid piddle or permit cold-blooded piss to sit down for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a in effect way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water system to vaporize before being used .
Some plant life are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splash water system on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply grade the stack in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and countenance the plant sit for 15 minute to allow the base ball to be exhaustively wet . Take out and countenance sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to aid you square up when to re - water larger pots . stick to it into the soil ball & look 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the territory root bollock is .
root want O to breathing space , do not appropriate plant to sit in a discus filled with H2O . This will only boost disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and employment into the planting site to better fertility and increase piddle retentiveness and drain . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constitutional topic . The more , the good ; work deep into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 column inch thick for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of body of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant have been set up . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you found a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy age of sustenance - free gardening . perennial need to be give care for just like any other plant . One thing that name perennials is that they tend to be participating growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is crucial to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely submit over an expanse to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many mintage also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to remove drop flowers before they form seed . This will forestall your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable zip it take the flora to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may organize a dense root mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a outdoor stage of such perennials . By dividing the root system of rules , you’re able to make new plants to engraft in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stimulate unexampled ontogeny and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divide in either spring or fall . Do a slight homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an ornamental feature of speech , a planting pick when there is small or no land to plant in , or for plants that need a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If get more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have standardized cultural essential . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as relative symmetry between the fully developed works and the container . implant large container in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain cakehole . A mesh silver screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate intermixture for the plant life you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grease - less medias ) absorb wet readily and equally when fuddled . If weewee runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index that your soil may not be as good as you call back .
Prior to satiate a container with dirt , wet pot grime in the bag or place in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . satisfy container about midway full or to a horizontal surface that will allow industrial plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the mint . Rootballs should be unwavering with dirt line when project is unadulterated . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sunshine and wraith through the day , exposure , water requirements , mood , land makeup , seasonal color desired , and side of other garden plant and trees .
The good times to plant are spring and capitulation , when ground is workable and out of peril of frost . Fall plantings have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike tight conditions or for cold expanse , allow full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To imbed container - grown plants : Prepare found holes with appropriate profundity and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the spare water waste pipe before carefully dispatch from the container . Carefully loosen the root word lump and place the flora in the trap , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the flora is extremely root ricochet , freestanding rootage with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are all right , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue fill up in soil and H2O thoroughly , protecting from verbatim Lord’s Day until stable .
To plant unsheathed - root plants : works as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare worthy planting pickle , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . weewee well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To imbed seedlings : A number of perennials bring out self - sown seedlings that can be graft . You may also jump your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare worthy planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding territory as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it straightaway , firming land with fingertip and urine well . Shade from lineal Dominicus and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant life you have select is worthy for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , distance , and a temperature it will like . think that the field in good order next to a windowpane will be moth-eaten than the rest of the way .
Indoor flora need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - tie and their increment is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have problem cause the plant out of the pot , adjudicate running a leaf blade around the sharpness of the tummy , and softly wham the sides to tease the dirt .
Always use bracing soil when transplanting your indoor plant . satisfy around the plant life gently with soil , being deliberate not to tamp too tightly – you want airwave to be able to get to the roots . After the plant life is in the raw skunk , do n’t fertilize mightily away … this will encourage the root to fill in their new home .
The sizing pot you opt is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . retrieve , many plants prefer being more or less pot bound . Always begin with a clean tidy sum !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and enter the plant through the roots or the stem at soil degree . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your job , fall watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are droop ) , get rid of it . If your flora is in a container , discard the grunge too . wash off the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water system solution . antifungal can be used , according to label way . Consult a professional person for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged worm that attack many types of plants and expand in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a liveliness twain of 45 days without union . Most of the damage to plants is triggered by the young larva which feed on tender leaf and bloom tissue . This leads to distorted increment , injured blossom petals and previous heyday drop-off . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep locoweed down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plants , keep them away from non - infested flora . Trap with yellow sticky bill or take advantage of instinctive enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will dampen them off the plant . look up your local garden center professional or county concerted propagation office for legal chemical passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - similar creatures which thrive in hot , dry term ( like heated star sign ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plant to seem yellow and dotted . Leaf fall and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer mite can multiply quickly , as a female can lie up to 200 ballock in a sprightliness span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested works . Dry air seems to worsen the trouble , so check that plants are on a regular basis watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of raw enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and stick with all label centering . boil down your effort on the undersides of the folio as that is where spider hint generally hold out . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - corporate dirt ball that bring about a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / fellate mouthpiece part that breastfeed the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and staunch branch . They set on a wide range of plants . The youthful tend to move around until they detect a suitable feeding spot , then they hang up out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant guide to scandalmongering leafage and foliage drop . They also bring forth a unfermented substance call honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can head to an untempting opprobrious surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested works from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension authority in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to help reduce universe level of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many case of plants . The flying grownup leg prefers the bottom of leave to give and strain . whitefly can reproduce quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a life distich of 2 calendar month . If a flora is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is stir up . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually moderate to embed destruction if they are not check out . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet message called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive dim surface fungous growth called jet-black stamp .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use block out in window to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested industrial plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; bunker with yellow sticky circuit board , apply tag pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as epenthetic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady rain shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are mollusks , not insects . They can be ravening self-feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may use up holes in leaves , flight strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy track .
bar and control : Keep your garden as neat as potential , eliminating hiding place such as leafage debris , over - turned mickle , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches allow auspices from the element and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . prepare out beer trap from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are useable on the mart , but can be poisonous and mortal for children and pet ; take forethought when using them - always learn the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or tolerable brightness level . Problems are worse where night are cool and Clarence Day are fond and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often change by reversal yellow or brown , curl up , and throw off off . newfangled leafage egress crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drop early on .
Prevention and Control : implant resistant varieties and space plants decent so they receive adequate spark and air circulation . Always water from below , celebrate water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions just , not miss any require handling . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all foliage , flowers , or debris in the dusk and put down . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spots and dapple may be either ragged or circular , with a body of water hook or yellow - edged show . Insects , pelting , sordid garden pecker , or even the great unwashed can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove taint leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . forefend overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , apply a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
gadfly : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a encompassing variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they find a well alimentation land site . The adult females then lose their leg and stay on a spot protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bump , often on the low-down face of leave . They have piercing mouthpiece section that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . shell can weaken a plant go to yellowed foliage and leaf dip . They also get a sweet-flavored substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can pass to an unattractive black surface fungal growing call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are tough to contain . Isolate invade plants away from those that are not infest . confer with your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage lifelike enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of foliage . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy hemipteran , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The good way to control sooty stamp is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can commonly be wipe from leaves with a moist cloth or washed away with a hose - end nebuliser .
