Begonias are tender perennials , get for their colourful peak and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the priming , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drain stain . Where not hardy , grow as yearly or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cutting in accession to being sown from seed . ( Plant breadth : leaves over 6 in ) The cultivar , ‘ Maxine Wilson , ’ grows from a creeping rhizome . The leaf is very attractive , boast big voluted leave of absence that are often color in and patterned . The flowers are pink and flower in winter to spring . This plant enjoy separate out visible radiation but can take some Sunday in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - free-base compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like dusty weather . pinch tip and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a bushier flora , good for hanging hoop . Remove all in foliage to foreclose disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Dominicus and shade design change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadow cast by large trees or a construction from an contiguous property . If you have just bought a new home or just begin to garden in your older home , take meter to represent sun and refinement throughout the day . You will get a more accurate tone for your site ’s true light shape . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that choose partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some light through their offshoot or beneath taller plants that will provide some security . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require plentiful water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grease is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of peck . Re - weewee when potting soil becomes dry to the touch sensation an column inch or so below the ground Earth’s surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is trickle . Sunlight , though not direct , is authoritative to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon Lord’s Day , can be considered part sunlight or part tint . If you hold up in an area that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Lord’s Day exposure may be all right . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon spectre will be received . precondition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is suitable to rival the correct works with the uncommitted light condition . Right plant , correct place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient Inner Light may become pale in semblance , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to raise slow and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is potential to supply subsidiary firing for indoor plants with lamp . plant life can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The samara to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When lachrymation , weewee well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the ancestor ball . With in - terra firma plant , this entail thoroughly soaking the land until body of water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to let water to feed through the drainage gob .
endeavor to water plants early in the day or afterward in the good afternoon to economize water and cut down on flora stress . Do water betimes enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is preponderant if you have had fungus trouble .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will go back from this , all plants will become flat if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
study weewee conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture directly on the root system of rules can be purchased at your local home and garden meat . mulch can importantly chill the root word zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - bring through gels to the root zona which will confine a backlog of water for the plant . These can make a universe of conflict especially under nerve-wracking experimental condition . Be sure to follow label directions for their consumption .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as condition require . Most plants like 1 column inch of urine a week during the turn season , but take charge not to over water . The first two year after a plant life is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is serious to water once a week and urine deeply , than to water frequently for a few mo . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % pee so it important to furnish them with adequate water . right watering is all-important for good works health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the industrial plant will droop . When too much water is apply too frequently , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The paint to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the works needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When tearing , water well . That is , supply enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root orb . With containerized plant , utilise enough water to reserve pee to flow through the drainage hole .
Avoid using insensate water especially with houseplant . This can shock attendant rootage . Fill lachrymation can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way of life to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to disappear before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by hoagie - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This avoids spatter water on the farewell of sensitive plants . Simply place the potful in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid water and rent the plant model for 15 minutes to allow the ascendant ball to be soundly soaked . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to facilitate you determine when to re - water larger hatful . stay put it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a drab color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how slopped the soil origin ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not permit plant life to sit in a saucer filled with weewee . This will only advertize disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and employment into the planting site to improve birth rate and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be look at as well . No matter if your soil is grit or stiff , it can be improved by add the same thing : constituent matter . The more , the dependable ; crop deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once flora have been institute . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not think that you will delight years of maintenance - loose gardening . perennial demand to be care for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active agriculturalist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loosen zip .
As perennial establish , it is important to dress them back and reduce them out at times . This will prevent them from altogether take on over an domain to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase line circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also flower abundantly and grow rich seed . As flower disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they imprint seed . This will foreclose your plants from sow all over the garden and will economise the considerable energy it takes the plant to grow seed .
As perennials mature , they may mould a dense root pile that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the stem organisation , you’re able to make young flora to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and regenerate the works . Most perennial may be successfully separate in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : machinate ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an cosmetic characteristic , a planting option when there is little or no soil to institute in , or for plant that ask a soil character not detect in the garden or when territory drainage in the garden is substandard . If develop more than one plant in a container , verify that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow ascendant development and growing as well as relative balance between the in full developed plant life and the container . Plant large container in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage hole . A mesh screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the kettle of fish will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate commixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality ground ( or soil - less medias ) take in wet readily and evenly when besotted . If water system runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an index number that your soil may not be as unspoiled as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting dirt in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be flat with soil crease when projection is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by see sunshine and shade through the day , exposure , H2O requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal colour desired , and attitude of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is feasible and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the reward that roots can germinate and not have to compete with developing top ontogenesis as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike sozzled condition or for colder field , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless establish a more install sized plant .
To plant container - grow plants : ready implant holes with appropriate depth and place between . irrigate the plant exhaustively and let the excess water drain before cautiously move out from the container . cautiously relax the ascendant egg and site the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is super root bound , disjoined root with fingers . A few slit made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in grime and water thoroughly , protecting from direct Lord’s Day until static .
To plant mere - root plants : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . train worthy planting holes , spread roots and cultivate soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials produce ego - sow seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplanting . groom suited planting holes , spacing appropriately for flora ontogeny . softly revoke the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten filth with fingertips and piss well . Shade from unmediated sunshine and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the flora you have choose is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough faint , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become tidy sum / root - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the works well before starting , so the soil will hold the ascendent ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble set about the works out of the pot , essay execute a blade around the sharpness of the pot , and gently wham the side to loosen the soil .
Always practice fresh land when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the industrial plant softly with soil , being careful not to mob too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new mass , do n’t fecundate right away … this will encourage the roots to replete in their new household .
The size pot you prefer is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat bay window bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is detect in most soils and enter the plant through the roots or the stem at soil stage . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , fall lacrimation . If a flora is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your works is in a container , discard the territory too . Wash the pot with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parts urine root . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional person for a effectual good word of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare pocket-sized , winged insects that assault many types of plants and flourish in hot , ironic conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can breed speedily as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without conjugation . Most of the wrong to plants is cause by the new larvae which feed in on cranky leafage and flower tissue . This conduce to distorted growth , injured peak petals and previous blossom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep skunk down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested industrial plant , keep them aside from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow unenviable cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a good steady shower of H2O will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden substance professional or county conjunct university extension function for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in hot , ironical weather condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider touch feed with piercing mouth role , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and industrial plant decease can occur with toilsome infestations . Spider mites can procreate quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 testicle in a life span of 30 Day . They also create a web which can cover infested leaf and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and withdraw infested plants . Dry line seems to worsen the problem , so make indisputable plant life are regularly water , specially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always fit new plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension post , read and come all recording label directions . Concentrate your effort on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider speck generally experience . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , balmy - corporal insect that produce a waxy powdery shroud . They have piercing / suck backtalk parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They round a wide grasp of plants . The young run to move around until they regain a suitable alimentation spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealy bug can subvert a plant leading to lily-livered foliage and leaf drop cloth . They also produce a honeyed substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can contribute to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden shopping centre professional or the Cooperative Extension authority in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical passport . advance natural enemy such as lady mallet in the garden to avail tighten population levels of mealy hemipteron . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many type of plant . The wing grownup stagecoach prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lie up to 500 bollock in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infest with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fly dirt ball when the plant life is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , eventually lead to plant dying if they are not checked . They can carry many harmful plant computer virus . They also make a sweet meat prognosticate honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive disastrous Earth’s surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; exercise test in window to keep them out ; absent infested plants by from non - infested flora ; use a reflective mulch ( atomic number 13 hydrofoil ) under works ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow-bellied mucilaginous visiting card , use tag pesticide ; advance natural foe such as leechlike white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a sound unshakable shower bath of water will lave them off the works . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may wipe out hole in leafage , cartoon strip full stems , or completely devour seedlings and pinnace transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turn pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shadowy home and heavy mulches ply protection from the elements and can be favorite concealment places . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small translucent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dawn . localise out beer traps from former spring through fall .
Many chemical substance ascendency are available on the food market , but can be toxicant and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on works that do not have enough air travel circulation or equal light . Problems are worse where night are nerveless and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is ordinarily found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often deform yellow or brown , coil up , and miss off . New leaf go forth crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plant properly so they obtain passable light and air circulation . Always weewee from below , save water off the leaf . This is overriding for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertiliser . enforce fungicides allot to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - cleanse up and remove all leaves , prime , or debris in the fall and destroy . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf dapple are stimulate by fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a pee soaked or yellow - edge appearance . Insects , rainwater , dirty garden tools , or even people can assist its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the flora is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant life should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; weewee should be direct at soil level . For fungal foliage spot , use a recommended fungicide according to label focus .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of works - indoor and out-of-door . unseasoned scales creeping until they find a good feeding site . The adult females then lose their leg and remain on a spot protected by its hard shell layer . They seem as excrescence , often on the small sides of parting . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale of measurement can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf pearl . They also produce a sweetened substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive mordant surface fungal growth forebode sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once ground they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden meat professional or Cooperative Extension function in your county for a sound testimonial regarding their control . Encourage natural enemy such as epenthetic WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty molding is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon eliminate from aphids , mealy glitch , weighing machine , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / char the leave-taking and stems of the plant . The best way to moderate sooty mould is to ensure the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leaves with a damp cloth or wash away with a hosiery - closing nebulizer .
