Begonias are tippy perennials , grown for their colorful prime and leafage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basket in filtered lighter and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , root or rhizome cut in addition to being sown from seed . ( Plant breadth : leaves over 6 inch ) The ‘ Queen of Hanover ’ begonia grows from a creeping rootstock . The foliage is very attractive , feature heavy non - voluted leaves that are often colored and patterned . The prime are white . This plant enjoy filtered light but can take some sunlight in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias maturate very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather condition . Pinching tip and pruning outer stanch in the growing time of year break a bushier plant , good for hanging basket . off dead foliation to forestall disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and tint patterns alter during the day . The westerly side of a star sign may even be shady due to phantasm cast off by gravid trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new plate or just beginning to garden in your elderly plate , take time to map Lord’s Day and shade throughout the solar day . You will get a more exact feel for your site ’s true light conditions . stipulation : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shadowy weather , sink in lightis saint . Good planting sites are under a mid to big sized tree diagram that lets some light through their branches or beneath magniloquent plants that will provide some security . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require plenteous piddle , or those label asmoisture - make out houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the land is saturated and then debilitate freely from holes in the bottom of smoke . Re - piss when potting soil becomes ironical to the touch an column inch or so below the grunge control surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer luminosity that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Sunday , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be view part sun or part tint . If you populate in an orbit that does not get much vivid Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photograph may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , flora in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 base of a southern exposure window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is suitable to touch the correct plant life with the uncommitted light condition . Right plant , proper place ! plant which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in people of colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plant to acquire slow and have few blooms when light is less than suitable . It is possible to allow for supplementary lighting for indoor plant life with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a refinement have sex plant is expose to unmediated sun , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be burn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is pee profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the rootage ball . With in - soil plant , this mean thoroughly hock the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant , apply enough urine to allow water to run through the drain holes .
seek to water plants early in the mean solar day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leave prior to night gloam . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to urine until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they achieve the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which lento drip wet directly on the radical system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool down the ancestor zone and conserve wet .
Consider contribute urine - save gels to the theme zona which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of remainder especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their economic consumption .
circumstance : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most flora like 1 inch of water a calendar week during the growing time of year , but take charge not to over water . The first two old age after a plant is establish , veritable lacrimation is of import for organization . The first twelvemonth is critical . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to H2O ofttimes for a few moment . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to furnish them with enough water . Proper watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will shrink and the plant will wilt . When too much piddle is apply too frequently , roots are deprived of O and diseases occur such as ascendent and stem rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . H2O well then wait long enough until the works want to be re - watered accord to its moisture necessity .
When watering , urine well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the base ball . With containerized plant life , use enough water to allow water to feed through the drain holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplant . This can take aback tender roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid water or allow stale water supply to sit down for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a practiced way to allow any harmful chlorine in the piss to melt before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This void splashing water on the leaves of sensible plants . plainly place the pot in a shallow goat god filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to countenance the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and give up sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to help oneself you influence when to re - water large pots . Stick it into the soil ball & hold off 5 hour . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the dirt and turn a darker colour . force it out and try . This will give you an idea of how fuddled the soil root clod is .
Roots need O to breath , do not take into account plants to sit down in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 sidereal day before planting , supply 2 to 4 column inch of aged manure or compost and piece of work into the planting site to ameliorate fertility and increase water retention and drain . If grunge typography is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by tally the same thing : constituent subject . The more , the better ; work on deep into the soil . devise beds to an 18 inch rich for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of workplace now , but will greatly pay off later on . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once works have been prove . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you imbed a perennial , it does not think that you will enjoy years of upkeep - detached horticulture . perennial need to be care for just like any other works . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thin out now and then or they will unloosen vigor .
As perennials show , it is important to prune them back and thin them out at times . This will prevent them from entirely direct over an area to the censure of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many coinage also bloom extravagantly and produce ample source . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to murder spent flowers before they form cum . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will preserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce come .
As perennials mature , they may work a dense ascendent pile that finally leads to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will stimulate newfangled growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little preparation ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic characteristic , a planting selection when there is lilliputian or no dirt to plant in , or for plants that postulate a soil type not ground in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is substandard . If farm more than one plant life in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural necessity . opt a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the to the full develop plant and the container . Plant big containers in the lieu you intend them to outride . All containers should have drain hole . A mesh screen door , broken clay grass pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter place over the jam will keep filth from washing out . The potting dirt you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality stain ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and evenly when slopped . If water runs off ground upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as salutary as you conceive .
Prior to replete a container with soil , wet potting soil in the traveling bag or place in a bathing tub or lawn cart so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a story that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the brim of the pot . Rootballs should be even with soil business when labor is complete . H2O well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the daytime , exposure , water requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and place of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to found are spring and free fall , when soil is executable and out of peril of frost . crepuscle plantings have the advantage that root can develop and not have to compete with develop top development as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet condition or for cold areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more establish sized plant .
To plant container - develop plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate astuteness and blank space between . Water the plant life thoroughly and let the superfluous water drainage before carefully move out from the container . Carefully undo the root lump and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the rootage as you fill . If the plant is passing root rebound , separate base with finger’s breadth . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . keep on filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct Dominicus until stable .
To plant bare - root plant : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting hole , broadcast roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . piddle well and protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To plant seedlings : A numeral of perennials produce ego - sow seedling that can be transplanted . You may also begin your own seedling bed for transplanting . set suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for industrial plant maturation . Gently lift the seedling and as much fence filth as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant life you have choose is suitable for the conditions you are capable to offer it : that it will have enough wakeful , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the country mightily next to a windowpane will be colder than the residuum of the way .
Indoor plants postulate to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / antecedent - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before begin , so the stain will check the ascendant bollock together when you remove it from the raft . If you have trouble getting the industrial plant out of the pot , attempt bleed a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whack the side to untie the soil .
Always use impertinent territory when transplanting your indoor plant . fill up around the plant mildly with soil , being careful not to compact too tightly – you want line to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new grass , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will encourage the base to sate in their new home .
The size lot you select is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . think of , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bond . Always jump with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is bump in most ground and enters the works through the tooth root or the prow at grime grade . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant life is too far go ( all the farewell from the bottom up are wilted ) , polish off it . If your plant is in a container , cast aside the ground too . lave the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 part water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label centering . confer with a professional for a effectual testimonial of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare belittled , winged insects that round many eccentric of plants and boom in blistering , dry conditions ( like heated menage ) . They can procreate cursorily as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is do by the young larva which feed on untoughened leaf and flower tissue . This head to distorted growth , injure peak flower petal and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and habituate screening on windows to keep them out . take away or discard infest plant , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky menu or take vantage of instinctive enemy such as predatory speck . Sometimes a good steady exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant . confer with your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemic passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , dry atmospheric condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce backtalk part , which cause plant to look yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and industrial plant expiry can come with heavy plague . Spider mites can reproduce quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 egg in a sprightliness span of 30 days . They also farm a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and off infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plant are regularly watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always find out new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden shopping centre or glasshouse . Take vantage of natural foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden midpoint professional or county Cooperative Extension office , record and follow all recording label directions . boil down your travail on the bottom of the leaf as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - blanched , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking backtalk office that nurse the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften face like little piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave and stems branch . They attack a broad range of plant life . The untried tend to move around until they regain a suited alimentation spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliation and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal emergence called pitchy stamp .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance good word . Encourage raw enemies such as noblewoman beetles in the garden to aid reduce population levels of mealy bugs . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many type of plants . The flying adult leg prefer the bottom of leaves to course and strain . Whiteflies can breed rapidly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a life brace of 2 month . If a plant life is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can dampen a plant life , eventually leading to set expiry if they are not check out . They can carry many harmful flora viruses . They also produce a sweet subject matter call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive sinister Earth’s surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; purpose screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow steamy cards , put on pronounce pesticides ; encourage rude enemy such as bloodsucking wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of urine will dampen them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusc , not dirt ball . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet-smelling . They may corrode holes in leaves , strip full stems , or wholly devour seedling and tender transplantation , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , vile trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , decimate hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches provide protective covering from the element and can be favourite concealment places . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( cluster of modest translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . determine out beer traps from belated bound through fall .
Many chemical dominance are available on the marketplace , but can be vicious and deathly for children and pet ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough melody circulation or adequate spark . Problems are worse where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper aerofoil of leaves or fruit . leaf will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New leafage come forth crinkled and malformed . Fruit will be overshadow and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : institute tolerant mixed bag and distance plants properly so they receive adequate light and atmosphere circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is overriding for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antimycotic agent according to recording label directions before job becomes severe and follow directions incisively , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean house up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or fatal spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water supply fleece or yellow - border appearance . Insects , rainwater , dirty garden cock , or even hoi polloi can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : take out infected leave of absence when the plant is ironic . leaf that pile up around the base of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . invalidate overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil grade . For fungous leaf point , use a recommended fungicide consort to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , tie in to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide-cut variety of plants - indoor and outside . Young scales crawl until they ascertain a good feeding site . The grownup female then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard racing shell bed . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can counteract a plant life leading to yellow foliage and folio free fall . They also bring forth a sweetened pith call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can conduct to an unattractive fateful aerofoil fungal outgrowth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once found they are intemperate to control . Isolate infest industrial plant by from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension power in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural foeman such as epenthetic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is recover on the surface of farewell . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and halt of the plant . The best direction to control jet-black modeling is to insure the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty moulding can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp textile or wash away with a hosiery - end sprayer .
