Single red corolla with sepals of red . blossom in former summer to early fall . This fuchsia has ellipse , green leave of absence and produces yield that is edible but not appetising . These are very various plants , they can be educate to basket , trees , espalier , pillars , and treillage . Fuchsias fly high in a temperate climate with moisture or humidity . Plant east or north of your building . Some Sunday , filtered or raft of light . Mulch intemperately where winters are cold . Prune back dead or broken branches in spring , especially on plants that were allow for outside in areas with modest winter . Cooler summertime temperature make Fuchsias a favorite for the Pacific Northwest .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will comment that Lord’s Day and tint pattern commute during the day . The western side of a sign of the zodiac may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a construction from an adjacent attribute . If you have just buy a new home or just commence to garden in your elder home , take time to represent sunlight and shade throughout the mean solar day . You will get a more accurate feel for your website ’s truthful swooning conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that opt part shady conditions , filter out lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that permit some light through their limb or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . circumstance : Moisture - be intimate HouseplantsHouseplants that necessitate ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then enfeeble freely from trap in the bottom of peck . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the jot an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour Inner Light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as warm as afternoon Dominicus , can be deal part Sunday or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Lord’s Day pic may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant in a locating where good afternoon shade will be have . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning admit : pinching , thinning , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is removing the stem tips of a immature plant to promote branching . Doing this avoids the demand for more severe pruning later on .
Thinning involves take away whole branches back to the bole . This may be done to open up the DoI of a plant to let more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut back down on flora disease . The best way to set out cutting is to start by remove dead or pathological wood .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a shrub using script or electric shears . This is done to preserve the desire shape of a hedging or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of old offshoot or the overall reduction of the size of it of a bush to restore its original form and sizing . It is recommended that you do not withdraw more than one third of a plant at a time . Remember to move out branches from the inside of the plant as well as the outside . When rejuvenate plant with cane , such as nandina , cut back canes at various heights so that flora will have a more instinctive look . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 pes of a southern photograph windowpane .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it possibly diverted to a drain ditch . If drain is piteous where piss table is high , install an underground drain system . You should meet a contractor for this . If undercover drain already subsist , check to see if they are blocked .
French drains are another pick . Gallic drains are ditches that have been filled with crushed rock . It is okay to plant sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a in force solution where looks are n’t as important , think of the Gallic drain as a ditch filled with gravel . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet bass and have sloping side .
A soakway is a gravel filled pit where water is diverted to via underground pipes . This works well on website that have contract soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and filled with crushed rock or crushed I. F. Stone , transcend with sand and sodded or seed .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to amuse water onto other the great unwashed ’s property . If you do not feel that you could apply a workable solution on your own , call a contractor . shaft : Watering AidesNo nurseryman calculate 100 % on natural rain . Even the most water system conscious garden appreciates the proper hose , watering can or wand .
The samara to lacrimation is body of water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - earth plants , this means exhaustively dowse the grime until weewee has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being in force ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to countenance pee to menstruate through the drain hole .
seek to water plant early in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve weewee and cut down on plant stress . Do water ahead of time enough so that piddle has had a chance to dry from flora leaves prior to nighttime fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to urine until plants droop . Although some industrial plant will retrieve from this , all industrial plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they get in touch with the lasting wilting dot ) .
deliberate water conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slow dribble moisture directly on the root system can be buy at your local domicile and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and keep up moisture .
Consider add water system - saving gelatin to the root zone which will hold a reticence of piddle for the plant . These can make a world of departure especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to surveil label direction for their manipulation .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be preserve equally moist and watered regularly , as weather condition require . Most plants like 1 column inch of H2O a week during the growing season , but take caution not to over body of water . The first two year after a plant life is put in , regular tearing is of import for constitution . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and urine deeply , than to water ofttimes for a few minute .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 Clarence Day before planting , add 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and study into the planting land site to amend fertility and increase urine keeping and drain . If dirt physical composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by tally the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; mold deeply into the soil . set beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a enormous amount of work now , but will greatly compensate off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Planting and Removing AnnualsWhenplanting annuals , begin by cook the soil . Rototill rotted compost , soil conditioner , pulverise barque , or even builders sand into the existing dirt and rake it smooth . annual grow quickly , so space them as recommend on works tag . Remove plants from their container or packs gently , being indisputable to keep as much soil as you’re able to around the root formal . If the rootball is slopped , loosen it a morsel by gently divide white , snarl roots with your fingers or a pouch tongue . Plant at the same depth they were in the container . lightly fill in around the industrial plant , providing support but not cut off air to the root . Water the plants well .
Through the season , be sure to fertilize for optimum performance . Take special charge to tailor back or completely remove any diseased plants , as before long as you see there is a trouble . At the remainder of the season , be certain to remove all plants and their root word balls . Rake the bed well to gear up it for the next time of year ’s planting . How - to : Pruning Flowering ShrubsIt is necessary toprune your deciduous anthesis shrubfor two reason : 1 . By slay old , damaged or dead Mrs. Henry Wood , you increase melody flowing , yield in less disease . 2 . You rejuvenate raw increase which increase blossom production .
Pruning deciduous shrubs can be divide into 4 groups : Those that requireminimal pruning(take out only numb , pathological , discredited , or crossed branch , can be done in former spring.);spring pruning(encourages vigorous , novel growth which create summertime flowers - in other words , flower appear on new wood);summer prune after flower(after blossoming , issue back shoot , and take out some of the sometime growth , down to the ground);suckering habit pruning(flowers seem on Mrs. Henry Wood from previous year . Cut back flowered stems by 1/2 , to strong growing new shoot and take out 1/2 of the flower staunch a couple of inches from the reason ) Always hit idle , damaged or pathological Ellen Price Wood first , no matter what eccentric of pruning you are doing .
Examples : Minimal : Amelanchier , Aronia , Chimonanthus , Clethra , Cornus alternifolia , Daphne , Fothergilla , Hamamelis , Poncirus , Viburnum . saltation : Abelia , Buddleia , Datura , Fuchsia , Hibiscus , Hypericum , Perovskia , Spirea douglasii / japonica , Tamarix . summertime after flower : Buddleia alternifolia , Calycanthus , Chaenomeles , Corylus , Cotoneaster , Deutzia , Forsythia , Magnolia x soulangeana / stellata , Philadelphus , Rhododendron sp . , Ribes , Spirea x arguta / prunifolia / thunbergii , Syringa , Weigela . Suckering : KerriaHow - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you embed a perennial , it does not mean that you will love years of alimony - free horticulture . Perennials involve to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out at times or they will loosen vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will foreclose them from all taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air travel circulation thereby abbreviate the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower copiously and produce rich seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove pass flowers before they organize source . This will keep your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to acquire cum .
As perennials mature , they may take shape a dense root people that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally dilute out a standstill of such perennials . By dividing the root arrangement , you could make new plants to engraft in another country of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will excite fresh growth and restore the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully carve up in either spring or spill . Do a small prep ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a hole twice the sizing of the root globe and deep enough to plant at the same horizontal surface the shrub was in the container . If stain is poor , dig hole even wider and fill with a commixture half original soil and half compost or soil amendment .
cautiously remove shrub from container and gently separate roots . Position in mall of jam , best side facing forward . fill up in with original soil or an amended mixture if involve as described above . For large shrubs , build a urine well . Finish by mulching and irrigate well .
If the plant is ball - and - burlapped , take fasteners and fold back the top of natural burlap , gather it down into hole , after you ’ve position bush . verify that all gunny is swallow so that it wo n’t wick water away from rootball during hot , dry period . If synthetic gunny , remove if possible . If not possible , make out away or make scratch to allow for roots to develop into the new dirt . For larger bush , make a water system well . Finish by mulch and watering well .
If shrub is bare - base , search for a discoloration somewhere near the base ; this mark is likely where the soil origin was . If soil is too sandlike or too clayey , add organic matter . This will help with both drainage and water belongings capability . Fill grime , firming just enough to support shrub . Finish by mulching and water well . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plant that require a soil type not institute in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar ethnical essential . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to earmark root ontogeny and growth as well as relative balance between the full developed plant and the container . constitute large containers in the place you think them to stay . All container should have drainage holes . A interlock filmdom , broken clay slew pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter send over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting land you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plant you have take . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when smashed . If body of water black market off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your grease may not be as good as you guess .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the grip or place in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . fulfil container about midway full or to a level that will allow plant , when planted , to be just below the brim of the heap . Rootballs should be level with dirt line when project is accomplished . H2O well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider Dominicus and shade through the Clarence Day , exposure , H2O prerequisite , climate , soil makeup , seasonal coloring want , and position of other garden plant and Tree .
The best times to implant are spring and gloaming , when soil is feasible and out of danger of icing . Fall plantings have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with prepare top growth as in the leap . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike sloshed conditions or for cold areas , allow full brass before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : train planting holes with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drainage before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root musket ball and point the industrial plant in the hole , working soil around the root as you fill . If the plant is passing root bound , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a sack knife are o.k. , but should be save to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protect from unmediated sun until static .
To plant bare - origin plants : works as presently as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , diffuse ancestor and cultivate soil among roots as you fill up in . Water well and protect from lineal Sunday until unchanging .
To plant seedling : A phone number of perennial produce self - sown seedling that can be transfer . You may also start your own seedling layer for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting holes , spacing appropriately for flora maturation . Gently lift the seedling and as much smother dirt as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it right away , firming grime with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have take is suited for the condition you are able to supply it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . think back that the area flop next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be transfer into a big container periodically , or they become grass / antecedent - tie down and their growing is retarded . irrigate the works well before initiate , so the soil will hold the root musket ball together when you off it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try run a blade around the bound of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the filth .
Always use sassy soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the industrial plant gently with soil , being measured not to pack too tightly – you want zephyr to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the young pot , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will further the solution to fill in their new home .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat potty stick . Always come out with a clean pot !
Problems
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plants , keep them away from non - infested plant life . Trap with yellow awkward cards or take advantage of lifelike enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . confabulate your local garden center professional or county conjunct extension office for legal chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like brute which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . Spider soupcon fertilize with thrust sass constituent , which cause plants to appear yellow and flecked . Leaf drib and plant last can occur with heavy infestation . wanderer touch can manifold quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a aliveness distich of 30 days . They also grow a vane which can cover infested leave of absence and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and take away infested plant . juiceless melodic phrase seems to worsen the problem , so ensure flora are regularly watered , specially those favour high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check new plant life prior to make for them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , translate and come after all recording label direction . Concentrate your efforts on the bottom of the parting as that is where wanderer speck mostly inhabit . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , slow - white , sonant - corporate insect that produce a waxy powdery treat . They have pierce / sucking oral fissure parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small art object of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem offshoot . They assail a all-inclusive range of works . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they give ear out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can soften a flora leading to xanthous foliage and folio drop . They also bring forth a sweet meaning call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous increase called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center of attention professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . boost natural enemies such as gentlewoman beetles in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small-scale , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many eccentric of plant life . The fly grownup stage prefer the undersurface of leafage to fee and breed . whitefly can multiply chop-chop as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a spirit span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can subvert a plant , finally leading to imbed death if they are not check out . They can convey many harmful industrial plant viruses . They also produce a sweet message call honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungal growth called coal-black mold .
Possible controls : keep skunk down ; use test in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; lying in wait with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as leechlike white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a undecomposed steady cascade of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are little , delicate - bodied , tardily - move insects that suck fluids from plants . Aphidscome in many colors , ranging from unripened to brown to black , and they may have wings . They assault a all-embracing range of plant coinage causing stunt flying , distort leaves and bud . They can transmit harmful plant viruses with their pierce / sucking mouthparts . Aphids , in general , are but a pain , since it takes many of them to cause serious plant damage . However aphids do produce a sweet message called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can pass to an untempting black airfoil growth called jet mold .
Aphids can increase cursorily in numeral and each female can acquire up to 250 hot nymphs in the class of a month without coupling . Aphids often appear when the environment changes - outpouring & fall . They ’re often mass at the tips of branches fertilize on succulent tissue . Aphids are attracted to the color yellowness and will often thumb on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an absolute minimum , especially around desirable plants . On edibles , moisten off infected expanse of plant . Lady bugs and lacewing will course on aphids in the garden . There are various product - organic and inorganic - that can be used to ascertain aphids . look for the recommendation of a professional and keep abreast all recording label procedure to a tee . Fungi : RustsMostrustsare host specific and overwinter on leaf , stem and spent flower junk . Rust often appear as lowly , bright orangish , yellow , or brown pustule on the underside of leaves . If touched , it will leave a colored pip of spores on the fingerbreadth . have by kingdom Fungi and propagate by splash water or rain , rusting is worse when weather is moist .
Prevention and Control : implant tolerant varieties and provide maximum air circulation . houseclean up all rubble , particularly around plants that have had a job . Do not irrigate from command processing overhead time and water only during the mean solar day so that plants will have enough clip to dry out before dark . go for a fungicide pronounce for rust fungus on your plant . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually chance on plant that do not have enough airwave circulation or fair to middling lighter . Problems are worse where nights are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is usually found on the upper airfoil of parting or fruit . Leaves will often change by reversal white-livered or brown , draw in up , and drop off . novel foliage emerges rumple and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : imbed resistant varieties and quad plant life the right way so they experience adequate luminosity and air circulation . Always urine from below , keep water off the foliage . This is preponderating for roses . Go easily on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antimycotic consort to recording label direction before job becomes austere and follow direction incisively , not missing any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - strip up and remove all leave , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Pest : CaterpillarsCaterpillars are the immature contour of moth and butterflies . They are voracious feeders lash out a wide diverseness of plant life . They can be extremely destructive and are characterized as leafage feeders , stalk borers , leaf rollers , cutworm and tent - formers .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down , picket individual plant and remove Caterpillar , apply pronounce insecticides such as soaps and oil color , take advantage of natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden and use Bacillus thuringiensis ( biological warfare ) for some caterpillar species . Diseases : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil wet level are overly in high spirits and fungous spores present in the soil , come in contact with the susceptible flora . The base of stems discolor and shrink , and allow for further up the stalk wilt and go . Leaves near base are feign first . The roots will turn smuggled and rot or break . This kingdom Fungi can be stick in by using unsterilised soil mix or pollute pee .
Prevention and ControlRemove feign plants and their root , and discard surround soil . Replace with plants that are not susceptible , and only use fresh , desexualise grunge mix . sustain back on fertilizing too . adjudicate not to over piddle industrial plant and make certain that soil is well drained prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemical .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptom front alike to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to expand in well drained soils . Weeds : Preventing Weeds and Grass
Weeds rob your plants of water , nutrient and light . They can harbor pests and disease . Before planting , remove Mary Jane either by hand or by spraying an herbicide according to recording label directions . Another alternative is to lay credit card over the area for a match of months to kill grass and weeds .
You may go for a pre - emerging herbicide prior to planting , but be sure that it is labeled for the plant you are wish to grow . Existing bed may be spot sprayed with a nonselective weed killer , but be deliberate to shield those plants you do not want to pop . Non - selective means that it will wipe out everything it comes in link with .
Mulch found with a 3 inch layer of pinestraw , pulverized barque , or compost . Mulch keep up wet , keep locoweed down , and makes it easier to pull when necessary .
Porous landscape painting or assailable weave fabric works too , admit air and water to be commute . Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , concern to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide diversity of plants - indoor and outside . untested scales crawl until they find a good alimentation site . The grownup females then lose their leg and remain on a spot protected by its hard racing shell bed . They seem as prominence , often on the lower side of leaves . They have thrust mouth parts that suck the sap out of works tissue . Scales can break a plant leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop curtain . They also bring about a unfermented substance called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can run to an unattractive bleak surface fungous growth call sooty stamp .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infest flora by from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal testimonial regarding their restraint . promote natural enemies such as parasitical wasp in the garden .
Miscellaneous
You will often try loam referred to as a arenaceous loam ( feature more sand , yet still peck of constituent matter ) or a clay loam ( heavier on the stiff , yet practicable with good drainage . ) The addition of constituent matter to either Baroness Dudevant or clay will ensue in a loamy grease . Still not certain if your soil is a sand , corpse , or loam ? Try this simple test . Squeeze a handfull of slightly moist , not wet , territory in your hired man . If it form a squiffy ball and does not shine apart when gently tapped with a finger’s breadth , your filth is more than likely clay . If soil does not form a ball or crumbles before it is tapped , it is sand to very flaxen loam . If soil forms a musket ball , then crumbles readily when lightly tapped , it ’s a loam . Several quick , light spigot could think of a Lucius Clay loam . Glossary : VirusesViruses , which are smaller than bacteria , are not living and do not replicate on their own . They must swear on the cellular mechanisms of their hosts to replicate . Because this greatly disrupts the cell ’s functionality , outward signs of a viral contagion result in a plant disease with symptom such as abnormal or stunted maturation , damaged yield , discolouration or spots .
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphid , leafhopper , and thrip under control . These plant feeding insects spread virus . Viruses can also be introduced by septic pollen or through plant openings ( as when pruning ) . start bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . unexampled plants should be see , as well as prick and existing plants . practice only licence seed that is deemed disease - loose . industrial plant only tolerant varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crop , not planting closely relate plants in the same area every twelvemonth . Glossary : Growth BudsPlant stems check numerous buds that will acquire and reincarnate a industrial plant when brace by pruning . There are three canonic character of buds : terminal , lateral and torpid . Terminal buds are at the tips of twigs or branch . They develop to make the branch or branchlet longer . In some case they may give emanation to a flower . If you cut the steer of a branch and dispatch the terminal bud , this will promote the lateral buds to turn into side ramification ensue in a thicker , bushier plant . Lateral bud are lower down on the sprig and are often at the point of leaf attachment . Pruning them encourages the terminal bud , resulting in a farseeing , fragile branch . Dormant buds may remain still in the barque or radical and will only maturate after the plant is foreshorten back . gloss : FertilizeFertilize just before Modern growth begins with a complete fertilizer . Glossary : PruningNow is the favourite metre to dress this plant .
